Snyder Preserve - Ephedra trifurca

Photo 4 by Addie Leimroth

Family: Ephedraceae

Compound: Eph tri

Synonyms: None

Geographic Origin: southwestern US, northern MX

Characteristics: A shrubby, perennial plant typically reaching heights of 0.9-2.7m (3-6ft). It has a distinctive appearance with numerous green to gray-green, erect, and broom-like branches. The plant lacks true leaves, featuring instead small, scale-like structures that clasp the stems, minimizing water loss. The stems end in sharp points which is a defining characteristic of this species. Blooms with small, inconspicuous cones rather than flowers, appearing in the spring. These cones are usually yellowish-green, adding a subtle color contrast against the stems.

Natural History: Commonly found in sandy flats and up onto dry, rocky slopes between 457-1981m (1,500-6,500ft). Its deep root system allows it to access moisture from deep within the soil, making it well adapted to desert life.

Cultivation Notes: Valued for its drought resistance and can be used in xeric landscaping. It requires full sun and well-drained soils, thriving with minimal water once established. Typically propagated from seed or by dividing established clumps. It is well-suited to gardens designed to conserve water and can tolerate poor soil conditions.

For general plant propagation information, click here

Ethnobotany: Used to treat venereal disease, stomach aches, sores, and kidney issues. Various species of Ephedra, including E. trifurca, have been used to brew a tea that was used as a stimulant.

Citations:

Firefly Forest. Retrieved April 30, 2024.

https://www.fireflyforest.com/flowers/2625/ephedra-trifurca-longleaf-jointfir/

SEINet Arizona – New Mexico Chapter. Retrieved April 30, 2024.

https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/taxa/index.php?taxon=4096